| | uqpxrpu| p y yx {~tu~pp y qy|~ p~xyp (MOSFET - p~ru~~-ru{~p }t|y sp}~yu{p }t|y PBM - ~pp|p yyr , ru~y| y }}u~} py~~~ tryspu|uz , ryp|~s xru~p ~~s {p . I~ru {p }}u~ y yxrtyu| qtrp~y (~pr y u , wu ~u}p|rpw~ . K}u s q qzy tp~~u sp~yu~yu u} y|xrp~y ~uus|yu}s |u{yrtp , ~y , ttuwp~yu ~~z pz ~ywu r~ , xpupyz ru wu ru} { , q~ y|x r{r|~u IGBT {|uz (BJT , }ut} pr|u }~y) qr r ~r~} zrp , syt|u{p~yz y rt~z }~y , |pqp~ yqr , qu~~ r uy y ruu~yu p ru~~s pxqp rt r ryp|~} xru~u ~~s {p . B yu}p u|~pqwu~y y p}u |w~u , pt rt ux{ ptpu . Ix-xp tuwp~y r{y sp}~y{ rt~s ~pwu~y , p xtp~y uyp|yxyrp~~ yu} |u{~~s zrp ~p yrt~u }up~yx} y p~p . Hpryy} }uwt ~pwu~yu} t 50% . Oq~ p~z uqpxrpu| Kp{pt~z uqpxrpu| (indirect matrix converter) y yx q|puz ~pyq|uu ttus }utp }t|yy , p{y} p{} }s xp}u~y us|yu}u yrtp ~~s {p , ruru~~ ~yx { rpu~y . Suqrp~y { ~usuyu{z q|u}u xr|u uqpxrpu| ~}p|~ pqp r pru yu} tru~~z pz rpu~y r }yu y|xu pu|u~~p y~t{yr~ . Xpp ~p@u}~ uqpxrpu|uz q uqpxrpu| (indirect matrix converter) - rx}w~ q|uu 10 B . V|t~p rtp yx ypuz uy . K|yur rtr , uqpxrpu| (sparse matrix converter) . Sp{p ypy ~u ~pswpu up{yr~} {} y y|u y|} , py~~~} tryspu|u} y~stp pr tu| , p x~py , yru| { |y~yy |wyu|~s ~pwu~y . . Dp~~z }ut quu~~s ru{~s pr|u~y }~z ~psx{z uqu y{rp wu {p{ }u~u~yu y~px~z }uy , y tp~ q|y}y {p}y y rtp r ru u|uz pr|u~y , y r yu}u rxppu y y q|z qu} tpy ~usyy . Puqpxrpu| p q|ptp y{y}y {|ppy~~}y rx}w~}y , rtus r qu} |pu uqu ~u |wu~yu p r u~|syu{} uu pq) . Xypzu t{}u~py! ^ rp pxr|uu , q| p ru}u~y . Yy{u pxryyu y|r {|uz rx}w~ , Su|ru uy yx}u~u~yu} yxrty-u|~y u} t| rrtp {}p~t pr|u~y p~xyp}y s tpr|u~y y ~pwu~y (p~u pr|u~yu) , pqpyu {s|~ pr}pyu{y ttuwyrpu ~~} , r }|u~~y y qy|~u p~xy , ~ y uu }up~yu{z pp{uyy{y ~psx{y t| rtp yx q|puz y}u~u~y : us|yrp~yu {y rpu~y . Py {}qy~yrp~~} qu us|yrp~y }u~uu 1% . E|y r u{u uqpxrpu|uz - }u~yu spqpy . B p~tp~z |syy , ~py}u , p {|yur uu{ }wu@u}~ p~y{r uqpxrpu| p y|y ypu|~z y~z y~y{p ~~s {p r } r |u{yu{ u qrtr . Ryu}p pr|u~y uqpxrpu| tqpr|u~yu t|~yu|~ y~uuz~ }t|uz y ~p , uru uyp|~z pp}u , uqpxrpu| (indirect matrix converter) ~~u ~pwu~yu ru {~}yu{s u{p tryspu| r ru pp |u~y pr|u} uwy}r us r u}u r{z ~ptuw~ y tp|uu , ypu|~z y~z y|y { |w~u~y {~{yy , rqyp rur {}qy~py {|uz . H~pu~y {r {r) , t~ ~utu|y y tryspu| pqpu y } |pu uqu y~t{yr~-u}{~z y| rs t{p . R{p|~z uwy} , pt uq|u}z yx |uty pr|y : Tzrp quuuqz~s yp~y . E|y sp~yxrp pq ~p} xpryy p |wy t| pr|u~y pp||u|~ ~~} }}u~} y ~ywu~~z pu ypuz uy (u~|syu{z ~psx{y) , {}}~p|~z uu y py~~~}y tryspu|}y , xtpuz {y ry sp}~yu{y pr|y r qu} |pu y r uu xpry uyp|~s tpy{p |wu~y r q{y {p . U}yrp~yu rt~s ~pwu~y y|y t ~u{|{y sp~yyu|~ tytr . Nyw~yz utu| utu|u rppyz }}u~ tryspu| y r{u}up~ u~|syz y|y ru ~}y~p|~z) }p{y}p|~z }}u~ ~p 40-60% . I~ru ~pwu~y I~ru ~pwu~y (utr} r{|u~y tr {~tu~pr y }}u~} yr|u~y , xp u ~pu~y }puyp|p uux u|q}u~~y{ , r { 60% s yp qtu xtprp@https://prom-electric.ru/articles/1/1/
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