| | uqpxrpu| , {~ruzu , ~u }wu up q|y~r pr|u~u{y xptp ({~| , {stp pt }w~ qux tpy{r {y rpu~y us|yu r u~|syu{} uu ~{y~yrp~y r trywu~yu y|~yu|~ sp~r pquz }py~ , {}u s , , p}|ytz) . Rust~ y|rp uz{p y yx |u{yu{z ~usyy , ~uqty} ~u xyy~yrp~yu }up~yx}p . Puqpxrpu|y p , {|{ rt~p pp . ^|u{~~z uqpxrpu| tty t| ut{pxp~y |wu~y r q{y {p rx}w~ ~y |u{yrtp tu}~s zrp ~p y{|u~yy sytpr|yu{y u ~usyy xp u ~usquuwu~y y } ~ppr|u~yy ty| ~rz {|p yqr ~u ty p~r{y , p{ ~pxrpu}u quxtpy{ru ru{~u pr|u~yu y}y {~|u} u|s {}|u{p px|y~ y|wu~y , ~ y r |u{yu{ . Np ru u|uz pr|u~y pz ur|u xp u y}yxpyy tpr|u~y }uwt SO , p x~py , qtrp~y r ruryy {{xp}{~} } (KHQ) r ty~p}yu{yu su~y us|yrp~y py~~~ tryspu|uz { uqyu| y ruu~yu p . Kp{pt~u uqpxrpu|y p rpu~y {{xp}{~ py~~~ tryspu| uu}u~~s y }}u~} ~p ~ywu~~z ~psx{u {p{ru}u~~ . E|y } |u{~~s yp y yx rxpy}tuzry |u{yu{y tryspu|uz . Nu ru pu y|xrp|y tryspu| , pqpus r uwy}u pp||u|~ |qz rt~z px { ~ywu~y KPD yu} . B{}~u upx~u y~ru ~pwu~y y~rup . B}uu p}rxqwtu~yu} yty@u}~ uqpxrpu|uz p uqpxrpu| ~~} , y rt~z }~y tryspu| y rxp~ ru q|uu r{y}y ~}y~p|~}y pqy}y pp}y , {p{ ~ywu r~ , t~p{ t| yrutu~y r |ut~yu tuy|uy yru| { rp| ~u ~py pqq~ y tuur . B ur} yq|ywu~yy , y|y rxqwtu~~p y rwtpu u}y . B}u |p yrtp ~pr y r{p u}~yst~) . Bp sp py~~~ yrtr r sr uqpxrpu| up|yxrp~ p{ y }upu r|ur . ^u{yr~ }wu~y , xpyp) . Py } |pu }}yu yx trz~ yy~ uqpxrpu|uz . Rru}u~~u uqpxrpu|y |w~uu , p~p} ER wu xp|p~yrp~ y ~usuq|u~y |u{yrtp}y ~pr y }up~yx}r |p ~yrp~yu} p~xyr IGBT , uu yx . I~ru ~pwu~y }s {rp pz , pus ~p rp| qp~ y~p|~} s|rz {y . B tp~~} |pu sp~yyu|~u tyt uq q|uu 10 %) . Py}u~u~yu wu y~ y pxz p~s {p y}u |w~ {~{y , uru uyp|~z p|sy} pr|u~y }~z ~psx{z , p{ y p}|yt tprpu}s ~p prpyz~u u}~ qtrp~y rpu }y~y}} r tp|~uzu} , uwtu rus , {z pz ( 1000 C t uqu}s x~pu~y . Py } |pu }}yu yx |u{yu{z ~usyy , uusur , }~ uqpxrpu| ur|u uyp|~p {~|yp u}p t{|u~y ; y~~yxpy p K~y y|rz |u{~y{y ~pp|p u}@u}~ p~y{r uqpxrpu| r }yu y{ up|yxu q|uu uux~p , y sp~yyu|~ tytr uty~u~~ |utrpu|~ t| pq utyyz |t~s rt~pqwu~y p{wu y}uu } ~pwu~y , uqpxus ~~z , ~uqty} ttuwyrp ~~u ~pwu~yu ~~s {p tryspu| (yr|u~yu pp , }yu rxqwtpuu }ps~y~u |u qtu xtprp ~u~w~u ru~~u tpr|u~yu r typpx~u pqy {uz rpu~y yrtp ~pxrp|y ~ptuw~ pq ~ps~upu|uz (~pr , {p r y~rup y|xu |wyu|~p qp~p ~p . Bt pu ty~ y~y{ ~~s ~pwu~y , r typpx~u }u~u |ry~ }~y tryspu| . U}yrp~yu rt~s ~pwu~y . Oqtrp~yu , stu ru ~uqty} r yu}p rt~pqwu~y . E|y xp}{~z y y}|~u rxtuzry . Sp{z pp{u rxpy}rxy pp}ur tryspu| r ru uu{ }wu q t{|u~ { y}u , ~uty}z t| pr|u~y t|w~p p}rxqwtu~yu} I~ru ~pwu~y ~p y{|u~yy sytpr|yu{y uwy}r py~p|~ pqp r y~t{p Xp~-us|yu}z yrt uu}u~~s y q|u}~ utp . B r} |pu yx rxpy}tuzry |u{yu{y uqpxrpu|uz . E|y |u{tryspu| , {u ru|yyrp y} xp}u~ |u}u~r , ~ywp ~t xppq~z |p q|wyrpus y suz rt , qtrp~y rpu }y~y}} r xpryy}y |u{uy , ~ywu~yu {y xr|u up|yxrp {pxzyr pq yrtp ~ps~upu| yx}u~u us pq yu} . K ~y} ~ }ut pr|u~y ~urx}w~ , tuwpy |u{tryspu|y/p~}p y { ~u{} tu~y }p-spqpy~ {pxpu|uz@prom-electric.ru/articles/1/1/
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